Skip to main content

Boteraser | Website and Server Security Solutions

🛡️ CVE-2025-39955 — kernel

🟠 CVSS 7.8 — High ✅ No Known Exploit NVD
7.8
CVSS Score
0 Low4 Medium7 High9 Critical10

Description

tcp: Clear tcp_sk(sk)->fastopen_rsk in tcp_disconnect().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tcp: Clear tcp_sk(sk)->fastopen_rsk in tcp_disconnect().

syzbot reported the splat below where a socket had tcp_sk(sk)->fastopen_rsk

in the TCP_ESTABLISHED state. [0]

syzbot reused the server-side TCP Fast Open socket as a new client before

the TFO socket completes 3WHS:

1. accept()

2. connect(AF_UNSPEC)

3. connect() to another destination

As of accept(), sk->sk_state is TCP_SYN_RECV, and tcp_disconnect() changes

it to TCP_CLOSE and makes connect() possible, which restarts timers.

Since tcp_disconnect() forgot to clear tcp_sk(sk)->fastopen_rsk, the

retransmit timer triggered the warning and the intended packet was not

retransmitted.

Let's call reqsk_fastopen_remove() in tcp_disconnect().

[0]:

WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 0 at net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c:542 tcp_retransmit_timer (net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c:542 (discriminator 7))

Modules linked in:

CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/2 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc5-g201825fb4278 #62 PREEMPT(voluntary)

Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014

RIP: 0010:tcp_retransmit_timer (net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c:542 (discriminator 7))

Code: 41 55 41 54 55 53 48 8b af b8 08 00 00 48 89 fb 48 85 ed 0f 84 55 01 00 00 0f b6 47 12 3c 03 74 0c 0f b6 47 12 3c 04 74 04 90 <0f> 0b 90 48 8b 85 c0 00 00 00 48 89 ef 48 8b 40 30 e8 6a 4f 06 3e

RSP: 0018:ffffc900002f8d40 EFLAGS: 00010293

RAX: 0000000000000002 RBX: ffff888106911400 RCX: 0000000000000017

RDX: 0000000002517619 RSI: ffffffff83764080 RDI: ffff888106911400

RBP: ffff888106d5c000 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffffc900002f8de8

R10: 00000000000000c2 R11: ffffc900002f8ff8 R12: ffff888106911540

R13: ffff888106911480 R14: ffff888106911840 R15: ffffc900002f8de0

FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88907b768000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000

CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033

CR2: 00007f8044d69d90 CR3: 0000000002c30003 CR4: 0000000000370ef0

Call Trace:

<IRQ>

tcp_write_timer (net/ipv4/tcp_timer.c:738)

call_timer_fn (kernel/time/timer.c:1747)

__run_timers (kernel/time/timer.c:1799 kernel/time/timer.c:2372)

timer_expire_remote (kernel/time/timer.c:2385 kernel/time/timer.c:2376 kernel/time/timer.c:2135)

tmigr_handle_remote_up (kernel/time/timer_migration.c:944 kernel/time/timer_migration.c:1035)

__walk_groups.isra.0 (kernel/time/timer_migration.c:533 (discriminator 1))

tmigr_handle_remote (kernel/time/timer_migration.c:1096)

handle_softirqs (./arch/x86/include/asm/jump_label.h:36 ./include/trace/events/irq.h:142 kernel/softirq.c:580)

irq_exit_rcu (kernel/softirq.c:614 kernel/softirq.c:453 kernel/softirq.c:680 kernel/softirq.c:696)

sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt (arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1050 (discriminator 35) arch/x86/kernel/apic/apic.c:1050 (discriminator 35))

</IRQ>

How this vulnerability can be exploited

This issue can be reached with local access to the system, attack complexity is low, an attacker needs low-level privileges on the target. No user interaction is required. The scope is unchanged, so the impact stays within the vulnerable component. Rated impact: confidentiality high, integrity high, availability high.

Affected software

CVE-2025-39955 is recorded against 2 packages.

  • kernel (from 6.13.0 up to 6.16.9)
  • linux-kernel

Timeline and source

Published on 9 October 2025 and last revised on 12 August 2026. No public exploit is currently recorded for this entry. A vendor advisory or fix has been published. Record sourced from NVD.

References

cert-portal.siemens.com (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
git.kernel.org (Web)
github.com (Advisory)
nvd.nist.gov (Advisory)
git.kernel.org (Package)

CVE-2025-39955 on other distributions

Each distribution ships its own build and its own fixed version. Pick the one you run:

Details

Severity High
CVSS Score 7.8
CVSS Vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE N/A
Public Exploit ✅ No
Source NVD
Published 2025-10-09
Updated 2026-08-20
Modified 2026-08-12

Affected Packages

Software From version Fixed in
kernel 6.13.0 6.16.9
linux-kernel

References

Similar Threats

Site Security Check

Is kernel part of your stack?

CVE-2025-39955 is rated CVSS 7.8 High. BotEraser scans your installation against known CVE records and tells you whether this vulnerability applies to the versions you actually run.

Scan My Site Free →

No credit card required  ·  Results in minutes

ⓘ Data Notice: The information presented above has been compiled from publicly available internet sources. Boteraser aggregates this data solely for informational purposes and does not independently classify, evaluate, or endorse any findings about the vulnerabilities listed. The accuracy and completeness of this information is the sole responsibility of the original publishers. Boteraser and its operators accept no liability for any decisions made based on this data.