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🛡️ CVE-2025-4166 — openbao

🟡 CVSS 5.0 — Medium ✅ No Known Exploit CWE-209 OSV
5.0
CVSS Score
0 Low4 Medium7 High9 Critical10

Description

Hashicorp Vault Community vulnerable to Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information

Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.

How this vulnerability can be exploited

This issue can be reached over the network, attack complexity is low, an attacker needs administrative privileges on the target. A user must be tricked into taking some action. The scope is unchanged, so the impact stays within the vulnerable component. Rated impact: confidentiality high, integrity none, availability none.

CVSS metrics in full

The score comes from this vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

  • Attack vector: Network — reachable from anywhere that can route to the service.
  • Attack complexity: Low — the attack works reliably, with no preparation.
  • Privileges required: High — administrative rights are needed first.
  • User interaction: Required — someone has to click, open or visit something.
  • Scope: Unchanged — the damage stays inside the vulnerable component.
  • Confidentiality impact: High — total loss, or loss the attacker controls.
  • Integrity impact: None.
  • Availability impact: None.

Weakness class

CVE-2025-4166 is classified as CWE-209: Information Exposure Through an Error Message. Error output includes internal detail such as paths, queries or stack traces that assists an attacker.

Affected software

CVE-2025-4166 is recorded against 3 packages.

  • github.com/hashicorp/vault
  • openbao
  • vault

Timeline and source

Published on 6 May 2025 and last revised on 27 July 2026. No public exploit is currently recorded for this entry. Record sourced from OSV.

References

github.com (Advisory)
nvd.nist.gov (Advisory)
discuss.hashicorp.com (Web)

Other advisories for this package

github.com/hashicorp/vault has other advisories on record. If you are patching this one, these are worth checking on the same host:

Same weakness in other software

These advisories are the same class of weakness (CWE-209: Information Exposure Through an Error Message) in other software:

Details

Severity Medium
CVSS Score 5.0
CVSS Vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
CWE CWE-209
Public Exploit ✅ No
Source OSV
Published 2025-05-06
Updated 2026-08-20
Modified 2026-07-27
Fix URL N/A

Affected Packages

Software From version Fixed in
github.com/hashicorp/vault — —
openbao — —
vault — —

Similar Threats

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ⓘ Data Notice: The information presented above has been compiled from publicly available internet sources. Boteraser aggregates this data solely for informational purposes and does not independently classify, evaluate, or endorse any findings about the vulnerabilities listed. The accuracy and completeness of this information is the sole responsibility of the original publishers. Boteraser and its operators accept no liability for any decisions made based on this data.

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