WPGraphQL has deprecated user field on SendPasswordResetEmailPayload that leaks user existence + profile (defeats explicit anti-enumeration design)
Summary
The sendPasswordResetEmail mutation in WPGraphQL is explicitly designed to prevent user enumeration. The resolver in src/Mutation/SendPasswordResetEmail.php states in a code comment:
// We obsfucate the actual success of this mutation to prevent user enumeration.
The mutation always returns success: true regardless of whether the supplied username/email belongs to an existing user. The intended public output field is only success: Boolean.
However, a deprecated user field is still registered on the SendPasswordResetEmailPayload output type in src/Deprecated.php (lines 433-450). This deprecated field resolves to a full User object when the supplied username/email corresponds to an existing author-class user, and null otherwise — completely undermining the anti-enumeration design.
The @todo remove in 3.0.0 comment acknowledges the field is scheduled for removal, but it remains active in all 2.x releases, including current 2.14.1.
Discovered via source code review on May 29, 2026.
Details
The mutation resolver in src/Mutation/SendPasswordResetEmail.php:
```php
$payload = ['success' => true, 'id' => null];
$user_data = self::get_user_data($input['username']);
if (!$user_data) {
graphql_debug(...);
return $payload; // id stays null
}
// ...send email, then...
return ['id' => $user_data->ID, 'success' => true];
```
The intended public output field is only success. The id is internal-only state for downstream resolvers.
src/Deprecated.php registers an additional user field on the same payload type:
```php
register_graphql_field(
'SendPasswordResetEmailPayload',
'user',
[
'type' => 'User',
'deprecationReason' => static function () { return __('This field will be removed...'); },
'resolve' => static function ($payload, $args, AppContext $context) {
return !empty($payload['id'])
? $context->get_loader('user')->load_deferred($payload['id'])
: null;
},
],
);
```
This field reads the internal $payload['id'] and resolves it through the standard user loader. The User Model's allowed_restricted_fields policy permits unauthenticated reads of public author fields (databaseId, name, firstName, lastName, slug, description, uri, url).
PoC
```graphql
mutation EnumerateUser {
sendPasswordResetEmail(input: { username: "[email protected]" }) {
success
user {
databaseId
name
firstName
lastName
slug
description
uri
}
}
}
```
Behavior:
- Non-existing user/email →
data.sendPasswordResetEmail.user is null - - Existing author-class user →
data.sendPasswordResetEmail.user is a full User object with the listed fields populated - -
success always returns true, preserving the appearance of obfuscation — the deprecated user field is the leak
Impact
1. Username/email enumeration: unauthenticated attacker can verify whether any username or email is registered, with no WPGraphQL-side rate limiting
2. 2. Profile disclosure for author-class users: for any user with published posts (including editors and administrators), the attacker obtains databaseId, name, firstName, lastName, slug, description (user bio), uri — substantially more than mere existence
3. 3. Bypasses partial hardening: sites that disabled the REST API user endpoint, the user XML sitemap, and ?author=N author redirects may still be vulnerable through this WPGraphQL path
4. 4. Spearphishing setup: firstName/lastName/description for authors provides personalized phishing material
Recommended fix
Either remove the deprecated user field entirely (advance the existing @todo remove in 3.0.0) or change the resolver to always return null:
```diff
'resolve' => static function ($payload, $args, AppContext $context) {
- return !empty($payload['id']) ? $context->get_loader('user')->load_deferred($payload['id']) : null;
- + // Always null — this deprecated field previously leaked user existence,
- + // undermining the anti-enumeration design of the sendPasswordResetEmail mutation.
- + return null;
- },
- ```
Defense in depth — change the mutation resolver itself to not populate $payload['id'] on real success:
```diff
return [
- 'id' => $user_data->ID,
- + 'id' => null,
- 'success' => true,
- ];
- ```
Luke Granto — independent security researcher operating in good faith. Discovery via source code review of wp-graphql/wp-graphql v2.14.1, approximately 15 minutes from git clone to confirmed bug. No live exploitation against any third-party deployment.
