A multi-vendor cache poisoning vulnerability named 'Rebirthday Attack' has been discovered in caching resolvers that support EDNS Client Subnet (ECS). Unbound is also vulnerable when compiled with ECS support, i.e., '--enable-subnet', AND configured to send ECS information along with queries to upstream name servers, i.e., at least one of the 'send-client-subnet', 'client-subnet-zone' or 'client-subnet-always-forward' options is used. Resolvers supporting ECS need to segregate outgoing queries to accommodate for different outgoing ECS information. This re-opens up resolvers to a birthday paradox attack (Rebirthday Attack) that tries to match the DNS transaction ID in order to cache non-ECS poisonous replies.
This page covers CVE-2025-5994 as tracked by Ubuntu, for the package unbound. The fix is available in version 1.22.0-2ubuntu1; earlier versions remain affected.
This issue can be reached over the network, attack complexity is low, an attacker needs no privileges on the target. No user interaction is required. Rated impact: confidentiality none, integrity high, availability none.
The score comes from this vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/R:U/V:C
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994 is classified as CWE-349: Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data. The product, when processing trusted data, accepts any untrusted data that is also included with the trusted data, treating the untrusted data as if it were trusted.
UBUNTU-CVE-2025-5994 is recorded against 1 package.
Published on 17 July 2025 and last revised on 2 June 2026. No public exploit is currently recorded for this entry. Record sourced from OSV.
ubuntu.com (Report)
www.cve.org (Report)
nlnetlabs.nl (Report)
ubuntu.com (Advisory)
unbound has other advisories on record. If you are patching this one, these are worth checking on the same host:
These advisories are the same class of weakness (CWE-349: Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data) in other software:
Each distribution ships its own build and its own fixed version. Pick the one you run:
Details
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/R:U/V:C
Affected Packages
| Software | From version | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| unbound | — | 1.22.0-2ubuntu1 |
References
Similar Threats
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