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🛡️ CVE-2025-54999 — openbao

🟢 CVSS 2.0 — Low ✅ No Known Exploit CWE-203 OSV
2.0
CVSS Score
0 Low4 Medium7 High9 Critical10

Description

OpenBao has a Timing Side-Channel in the Userpass Auth Method

Impact

When using OpenBao's userpass auth method, user enumeration was possible due to timing difference between non-existent users and users with stored credentials. This is independent of whether the supplied credentials were valid for the given user.

Patches

OpenBao v2.3.2 will patch this issue.

Workarounds

Users may use another auth method or apply rate limiting quotas to limit the number of requests in a period of time: https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/

References

This issue was disclosed to HashiCorp and is the OpenBao equivalent of the following tickets:

  • https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-15-timing-side-channel-in-vault-s-userpass-auth-method/76034
  • https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6011

Barring further information, this is also assumed to cover and remediate the following additional vulnerability:

  • https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-21-vault-user-enumeration-in-userpass-auth-method/76095
  • https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6010

If this is not the case as further details emerge, a new CVE will be assigned for remediating that. Otherwise, no further CVE will be sought.

How this vulnerability can be exploited

This issue can be reached over the network, attack complexity is high, an attacker needs no privileges on the target. No user interaction is required. The scope is unchanged, so the impact stays within the vulnerable component. Rated impact: confidentiality low, integrity none, availability none.

CVSS metrics in full

The score comes from this vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

  • Attack vector: Network — reachable from anywhere that can route to the service.
  • Attack complexity: High — the attacker first has to win a race, learn a secret or otherwise prepare the target.
  • Privileges required: None — an unauthenticated stranger can try it.
  • User interaction: None — nobody has to be tricked into anything.
  • Scope: Unchanged — the damage stays inside the vulnerable component.
  • Confidentiality impact: Low — limited, and the attacker does not choose what is affected.
  • Integrity impact: None.
  • Availability impact: None.

Weakness class

CVE-2025-54999 is classified as CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy. The product behaves differently or sends different responses under different circumstances in a way that is observable to an unauthorized actor.

Affected software

CVE-2025-54999 is recorded against 2 packages.

  • github.com/openbao/openbao
  • openbao

Timeline and source

Published on 8 August 2025 and last revised on 27 July 2026. No public exploit is currently recorded for this entry. A vendor advisory or fix has been published. Record sourced from OSV.

References

github.com (Web)
nvd.nist.gov (Advisory)
nvd.nist.gov (Advisory)
github.com (Web)
discuss.hashicorp.com (Web)
discuss.hashicorp.com (Web)
github.com (Package)

Other advisories for this package

github.com/openbao/openbao has other advisories on record. If you are patching this one, these are worth checking on the same host:

Same weakness in other software

These advisories are the same class of weakness (CWE-203: Observable Discrepancy) in other software:

Details

Severity LOW
CVSS Score 2.0
CVSS Vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
CWE CWE-203
Public Exploit ✅ No
Source OSV
Published 2025-08-08
Updated 2026-08-20
Modified 2026-07-27

Affected Packages

Software From version Fixed in
github.com/openbao/openbao — —
openbao — —

Similar Threats

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